Now this is really frightening....

The Fed, being strangely unhooked from our Constitutional order is using the new global money markets to do things that Congress never envisioned.  Essentially, the Fed is free lancing - deciding what it needs to do to achieve global financial stability regardless of the law or any meaningful oversight.  This is part and parcel of our problem with unaccountable government:  when an unelected agency can obligate the nation's full faith and credit to any global financial institution in the name of stability and liquidity to the tune of trillions of dollars, then the notion that we govern ourselves has completely broken down.  It is now the magic money machine and it's wizards that call the shots and Congress and the President and the people who are along for the ride.

And who leads the Fed?  An academic economist with no Wall Street or private enterprise experience to speak of.  This is going to end in tears.  Hattip Prof Tyler Cowen of George Mason U.

The subtitle is How the Fed Became the Dealer of Last Resort (home page here) and the author is Perry Mehrling.  The entire book is good but the paydirt comes in the last two chapters, where we are treated to a persuasive and original account of what the crash- and post-crash Fed is all about.

Mehrling tells us that the Fed is now committed to supplying liquidity in money markets through its role as a dealer, on both sides of its balance sheet, and that is a critical shift in the nature of central banking.  He discusses (pp.126-127) how the collateral behind the shadow banking system relied on CDS markets for its pricing.  In Mehrling's account, insurance companies (including AIG) were indirectly serving as dealers of last resort, believing that they held invulnerable positions but nonetheless exposed.  Investment banks, on their side, thought they held matched books but the higher and lower CDO tranches turned out to be less similar than they had been expecting, based on historical price risk.  None of these expectations survived contact with the reality of the crash.

Now it's the central bank which sells AAA protection because eventually, in Mehrling's view, this activity cannot forever remain a private function (for a start, which insurer is itself safer than AAA?).  A good and indeed central question to ask anyone who is proposing a financial system is to ask who will sell AAA insurance.  

To quote Perry, the new Fed principle seems to be: "insure freely but at a high premium."

Mehrling also suggests that looking at the Fed's balance sheet, or its transactions, is misleading.  The key question is what kind of liquidity dealing option the Fed is promising to the market.

I continue to ponder Mehrling's main claims, but in any case this is an important book about the new Fed.